China’s rise shows prosperity without Western liberalism, growth from state–market fusion, and tech modernity without alignment—proof modernity is plural.
I. The Mirror of Power: Historical Memory and Strategic Projection in Western Thought Western strategic thinking, particularly in the United States, is deeply influenced by the tradition of Political Realism. Within this framework, power is assumed to be expansive by nature: rising states revise international orders, growing capabilities broaden interests, and security ultimately requires dominance. … Read more
1. Background: Post-Vietnam War Southeast Asia (1973–1978) 1.1 Aftermath of the United States Withdrawal from Vietnam The withdrawal of American forces in 1973 marked a decisive turning point in the Vietnam conflict, ultimately leading to the reunification of the country in 1975 under the government of North Vietnam after the collapse of South Vietnam. However, … Read more
At the heart of China’s semiconductor strategy is a defining strategic dilemma: Is lasting security secured by building a system in which others rely on you — or by removing your reliance on them? This is not a theoretical policy discussion. It directly concerns economic resilience, technological sovereignty, military security, bargaining power in geopolitics, and … Read more
The technology sector is fast-moving and fiercely competitive, constantly reshaped by innovation, evolving markets, and disruptive newcomers. For Western giants such as Cisco, Intel, and Microsoft, long-term success increasingly hinges on strategic foresight—the ability to anticipate competitive threats, prioritize high-value opportunities, and avoid being stuck in low-margin markets dominated by Chinese firms. The key insight … Read more
The tension between Huawei and Cisco within the Linux networking subsystem was not a spy drama or a morality play. It was a governance conflict shaped by incentives, dependency, and maintainer authority inside one of the most critical open source infrastructures in the world: the Linux kernel. Stripped of hero–villain framing, the episode reflects not … Read more
Drawing on Yi Wen’s The Making of an Economic Superpower and Ha-Joon Chang’s Kicking Away the Ladder and Bad Samaritans, this essay argues that large-scale U.S. reshoring of low-end and much mid-end manufacturing is neither historically plausible nor structurally efficient. Both authors, through independent but convergent historical analyses, show that industrialization follows a largely one-way … Read more
Rare earth elements are neither truly scarce in nature nor an inherent, singular point of existential weakness for the United States. Their strategic importance instead arises from their role as a high-leverage chokepoint within modern industrial supply chains. The most complex, capital-intensive, and environmentally demanding stages—midstream refining and downstream magnet production—are overwhelmingly concentrated in China. … Read more
SWIFT Explained: Its Function and Real Significance in Global Finance SWIFT, the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication, plays a central role in the modern global financial system by enabling secure and standardized communication between banks and financial institutions. Its core function is to transmit payment instructions and other financial messages across borders with speed … Read more
I. The De Facto “G2” Economic Loop A. Mutual Benefit Through Asymmetric Global Roles For decades, the United States and China have functioned as a de facto “G2,” quietly orchestrating a global economic system that primarily serves their own interests. Their roles are complementary and asymmetric: the United States issues the world’s reserve currency, consumes … Read more
This study undertakes a critical examination of the logic behind the so-called “China global price revolution,” exploring how and why it has functioned, where it shows structural weaknesses, and under what conditions it might fail. By situating this analysis within a broader historical and economic context, the discussion considers how China’s impact on global prices … Read more