The United States cannot replicate China’s Gaokao-centered talent model in its institutional form, but it can reproduce several of its functional effects within a liberal-democratic, market-based system. The binding constraint is not technical capacity but political structure: what China achieves through centralized authority and direct administrative control, the U.S. must pursue through federated incentives, funding … Read more
Zheng Yongnian characterizes the Communist Party of China (CPC) as an “organizational emperor,” a concept that can be vividly illustrated through the metaphor of a spider web. In this image, the CPC occupies the web’s center, while the Gaokao functions as its tensile threads—capturing, channeling, and disciplining the efforts of millions of students. Through this … Read more
Amid widespread attention to Huawei’s “backup plans” and “striver culture,” its most enduring competitive advantage lies elsewhere: a deeply institutionalized operating system for management. This system synthesizes Western management science, military organizational discipline, and Chinese practical rationality, rejecting both dependence on charismatic leaders and blind faith in market forces. Instead, Huawei relies on legalized end-to-end … Read more
Within Huawei’s organizational philosophy, advanced equipment and high-quality resources positioned in the rear are designed to provide rapid, effective support once front-line targets and opportunities are identified, rather than allowing those who control resources to dominate decision-making or hoard forces for their own interests. This approach is encapsulated in Ren Zhengfei’s principle of “letting those … Read more
Ren Zhengfei has long regarded the military—both Chinese and Western—as a critical source of organizational and managerial insight, and this influence has deeply shaped Huawei’s development. While Western media often fixates on Ren’s past service in the People’s Liberation Army, Huawei is criticized less for being “military” in nature than for learning exceptionally well from … Read more
Huawei and its founder, Ren Zhengfei, have faced criticism over alleged ties to China’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA), despite the absence of public evidence that the company is controlled by the military. This scrutiny stems less from proven wrongdoing and more from Ren’s past PLA service, China’s legal system, the strategic importance of telecom infrastructure, … Read more
In their August 19, 2025 Foreign Affairs article, “The Real China Model: Beijing’s Enduring Formula for Wealth and Power,” Dan Wang and Arthur Kroeber challenge a set of simplified and reassuring beliefs that long shaped Western interpretations of China’s rise. What they call “The Real China Model” is not a new doctrine but a corrective: … Read more
In her December 2025 New Year address, Huawei Rotating Chairwoman Meng Wanzhou (Sabrina Meng) framed the company’s recent trajectory as a deliberate strategic reorientation. Reviewing Huawei’s resilient performance in 2025 across 5G-Advanced, HarmonyOS, intelligent driving, AI computing, and digital energy, she outlined seven priority arenas for 2026 that mark a shift from broad-based technological expansion … Read more
In her December 2025 New Year address, Huawei Rotating Chairwoman Meng Wanzhou (Sabrina Meng) reviewed the company’s major achievements in 2025 and outlined seven primary arenas for development in 2026. The speech signaled a clear strategic shift from broad-based technological expansion toward focused ecosystem building and a more explicit role as an industrial enabler. This … Read more
ALICE—Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed—refers to households that are working yet lack sufficient savings and financial buffers, leaving them highly vulnerable to shocks such as illness, job loss, or family disruption. The concept centers not on income alone, but on exposure to financial risk and the capacity to absorb unexpected setbacks. Understanding ALICE therefore requires … Read more